humectants

Betaine Anhydrous

Trimethylglycine (TMG / Betaine Anhydrous)

humectantconditioningviscosity modifier

INCI Name

Betaine Anhydrous

Functions

3 Roles

Sustainability

8/10

Category

humectants

What It Does

Betaine Anhydrous (trimethylglycine) is a naturally occurring zwitterionic compound originally isolated from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) molasses, where it accumulates as an osmoprotectant. Its unique zwitterionic structure allows it to attract and retain water molecules exceptionally well while simultaneously acting as a cellular osmolyte, helping skin cells maintain hydration under osmotic stress. Formulators prize it for its ability to improve skin smoothness and moisture retention, enhance the sensory feel of formulations, and boost the mildness of surfactant systems by reducing irritation potential — all while being highly water-soluble, stable across a broad pH range, and compatible with virtually all cosmetic ingredient classes.

Attracts moisture from the air
Provides deep, lasting hydration
Improves skin elasticity and plumpness
Enhances penetration of other actives

Technical Properties

pH Range

5.5-7.5

Optimal working range

Ionic Charge

zwitterionic

Molecular charge type

Viscosity Effect

neutral

Impact on formula thickness

Foaming Ability

none

Lather generation

Ingredient Compatibility

Works Well With

anionic surfactantscationic surfactantsnonionic surfactantsamphoteric surfactantshumectantsmost emollientsproteins and amino acidspolyolsmost preservatives

Avoid Combining

strong oxidizing agentsstrong acids at high concentrations
Compatibility analysis powered by OpenMix — open-source formulation science

Sustainability Profile

Sustainability Score

8/10

Biodegradability

readily biodegradable

Source

plant-derived

Feedstock

Sugar beet molasses (Beta vulgaris); also found naturally in wheat, spinach, and shellfish

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