Acide citrique anhydre (E330)

Citric acid is a naturally occurring tricarboxylic acid found abundantly in citrus fruits, though the cosmetic-grade ingredient is predominantly produced via fermentation of sugars using Aspergillus niger mold. Its anhydrous form is preferred in formulation for its higher purity and greater stability compared to the monohydrate form, making it particularly suited for anhydrous or low-water systems. Formulators rely on it as a highly efficient and cost-effective pH adjuster, buffering agent, and chelating agent that sequesters metal ions to prevent oxidative rancidity, while its mild AHA activity also contributes to gentle exfoliation and skin renewal at higher concentrations.