Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas used in cosmetics primarily to create effervescent products like carbonated masks, cleansers, and toners. When dissolved in water-based formulations, it forms carbonic acid which temporarily lowers pH and creates the characteristic tingling sensation and bubbling effect that consumers associate with 'active' products. Formulators choose CO2 for its ability to enhance penetration of other ingredients, provide a refreshing sensory experience, and temporarily increase microcirculation in the skin through vasodilation.